Saturday, March 29, 2008

more ee cummings for IPA practice

wʌt ɪf ə mʌtʃ əv ə wɪtʃ ʌv ə wɪnd

gɪvz ðə truθ tu sʌmɚz laɪ;

blʌdiz wɪθ dɪzijɪŋ livz ðə sʌn

ænd jeŋks ɪmɔrtəl starz əraɪ?

blo kɪŋ tə bƐgɚ ænd kwin tə sim

(blo frɪnd tə find: blo spes tə taɪm) –

wɪn skaɪz ar heŋd ænd oʃənz draʊnd,

ðə sɪŋgəl sikrət wɪl stɪl bi mæn

wʌt ɪf ə kin əv ə lin wɪnd flez

skrimɪŋ hɪlz wɪθ slit ænd sno:

streŋgəlz væliz baɪ rops əv Ɵɪŋz

ænd staɪfəlz fɔrəsts ɪn waɪt əgo?

blo hop tə tƐrɚ; blo sijɪŋ tə blaɪnd

(blo pɪti tə ɪnvi ænd sɔl tə maɪnd) –

huz harts ar maʊntənz, ruts ar triz,

ɪts ðe ʃæl kraɪ həlo tə ðə sprɪŋ

wʌt ɪf ə dawn əv ə dum əv ə drim

baɪts ðɪs junəvɝs ɪn tu,

pilz fɚɛvɚ aʊt əv hɪz grev ænd

sprɪŋkəlz nowƐr wɪθ mi and ju?

blo sun tu nɛvɚ and nɛvɚ tu twaɪs

(blo laɪf tu ɪzɪnt: blo dɛθ tu wʌz.)

alz nʌƟɪŋz ɔnli aʊɚ hjuʤəst hom;

ðə most hu daɪ, ðə mɔr wi lɪv.

Thursday, March 20, 2008

Some Study Questions for QuiXam 3

What is formal linguistics? Name at least four major areas of linguistics that constitute formal linguistics.

What is a phone? Give three defining adjectives that ee has provided in class notes and the chaplets:

What is a phoneme?

What is an allophone?

What is phonology?

What is complementary distribution?

What is overlapping distribution?

What is a natural class?
Name all the natural classes you know.
You should know at least 18 for consonants and at least 7 for vowels (look at your IPA charts for clues)

What is a minimal pair?

Give an example of a word initial minimal pair, word medial minimal pair, word final minimal pair

What does a minimal pair prove?

Phonology takes a phone, gives it a language, ask what is the relationship of this phone to this language?

Is it an allophone of any phoneme in that language?

Allophone of a single phoneme- what kind of distribution is this?

Allophones of separate phonemes- what kind of distribution is this?

Mark Superman –allophone (least common, occurs in the most restricted environments)

Clark Kent - phoneme (either man can come out of that phone booth after either entered it)

Lois Lane separate phoneme, no allophones to our knowledge

Mark Superman and Lois Lane exist in overlapping distribution.


Phonology Problems:
You are given two phones that belong to the same language,
You’re trying to figure out if they belong to the same phoneme or
to different phonemes.If they belong to the same phoneme, they exist in
complementary distribution
(like the 4 T’s) If they belong to separate
phonemes
, they exist in overlapping distribution, they are distinctive.
If they are distinctive, you can make a minimal pair by substituting one
for the other in the same place in the word, and come up with two
totally different words--Meaning they make two different words in
minimal pairs.

Moving to Morphology
What’s the importance of convention in relationship to the arbitrary
design feature
of language? What are the two major dimensions of the
meaning of a word or phrase?

What are four sources/directions/triggers of variation in the meaning of a given word or phrase? 1) Across Time, 2) Across Regions 3) Communities 4) Across Languages/Cultures (e.g., Japan borrowing ‘lover’ and using it with a slightly different meaning than English speakers use it as)Words are adopted and adapted by other languages in very different ways.

What is epenthesis- and how does it relate to the phonetic and orthographic form of a morpheme borrowed by another language (not its language of origin?

I'll add more later.


Sunday, March 2, 2008

Excellent IPA Tutorial, etc , compliments of Chris Duffel

The second one actually tests you over words, English to IPA and IPA to English; very cool and approved by ee! (:

http://staff.washington.edu/dmontero/IPACharmap/
instead of having to know the combination code for each character ...
and also this one
its an interactive run through of ipa characters